The US Embassy in Ukraine's capital Kyiv was temporarily closed on Wednesday, as the mission received information of a "potential significant air attack."
The move comes a day after Ukraine launched US long-range missiles into Russian territory for the first time on Tuesday, using ATACMS missiles against a facility in the Bryansk region close to the border.
Russia warned on Tuesday that it would respond.
A statement released by the Embassy advised employees to shelter in place and "recommends US citizens be prepared to immediately shelter in the event an air alert is announced."
Further details regarding the potential attack have not been disclosed.
Russia had been warning the West for months that if Washington allowed Ukraine to fire US, British and French missiles deep into Russia, Moscow would consider those NATO members to be directly involved in the war in Ukraine.
On Tuesday, Putin lowered the threshold for a nuclear strike in response to a broader range of conventional attacks, with nuclear risks rising amid the highest tensions between Russia and the West in more than half a century.
Israeli military strikes across Gaza killed at least 22 people on Wednesday, Palestinian medics said, as the US stepped up efforts to overcome sticking points between Israel and Hamas to reach a ceasefire to end the war.
At least 126 people have been killed by Tuesday's 6.8 earthquake in Tibet, while more than 400 people trapped in the foothills of the Himalayas have been rescued, and over 30,000 residents relocated, as the search for survivors continues.
A rapidly growing wildfire raged across an upscale section of Los Angeles on Tuesday, destroying homes and creating traffic jams as 30,000 people evacuated beneath huge plumes of smoke that covered much of the metropolitan area.
A magnitude 6.8 earthquake rocked the northern foothills of the Himalayas near one of Tibet's holiest cities on Tuesday, Chinese authorities said, killing at least 95 people and shaking buildings in neighbouring Nepal, Bhutan and India.